Linux下配置yum源详解

zhangqiang

系统默认的yum 源速度往往不尽人意，为了达到快速安装的目的，在这里修改yum源为国内源。

这里我们使用的是上海交通大学yum源
一、备份系统默认的yum源

1. #cd /etc/yum.repos.d/  
   
2. #mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak  
   

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二、修改yum源

1. #vi  CentOS-Base.repo

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文件内容如下

1. # CentOS-Base.repo
   
2. #
   
3. # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
   
4. # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
   
5. # geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
   
6. # unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
   
7. #
   
8. # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
   
9. # remarked out baseurl= line instead.
   
10. #
    
11. #
    
12. 
    
13. [base]
    
14. name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
    
15. #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
    
16. baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
    
17. gpgcheck=1
    
18. gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
    
19. 
    
20. #released updates
    
21. [updates]
    
22. name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
    
23. #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
    
24. baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
    
25. gpgcheck=1
    
26. gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
    
27. 
    
28. #additional packages that may be useful
    
29. [extras]
    
30. name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
    
31. #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
    
32. baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
    
33. gpgcheck=1
    
34. gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
    
35. 
    
36. #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
    
37. [centosplus]
    
38. name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
    
39. #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
    
40. baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
    
41. gpgcheck=1
    
42. enabled=0
    
43. gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
    
44. 
    
45. #contrib - packages by Centos Users
    
46. [contrib]
    
47. name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib
    
48. #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
    
49. baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
    
50. gpgcheck=1
    
51. enabled=0
    
52. gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

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关于变量

• $releasever：代表发行版的版本，从[main]部分的distroverpkg获取，如果没有，则根据redhat-release包进行判断。
• $arch：cpu体系，如i686,athlon等
• $basearch：cpu的基本体系组，如i686和athlon同属i386，alpha和alphaev6同属alpha。
  

三、导入GPG KEY

yum 可以使用gpg 对包进行校验，确保下载包的完整性，所以我们先要到各个repository 站点找到gpg key，一般都会放在首页的醒目位置，一些名字诸如RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5 之类的纯文本文件，把它们下载下来，然后用rpm --import RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5 命令将key 导入。

1. ＃rpm --import http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/6/os/i386/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

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这里我们的系统版本是Centos6.8 所以地址中的版本要匹配上。

四、测试

1. #yum update

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